High pressure regulating control valve



April 23 942L Y N. A. cHRls-rENsEN 22815138 am! PRESSURE;A REGULATING CONTROL VALVE u l v'. l l I l. Filed Maren 2*?, 1941 4 5 sheetJs-sheet 1` yF'IG.2.

28,1942, A. cti-wel's'rlaNsFNV 2,281,138

HIGH PRESSURE REGULATING GONTROLNLVE y INVENTOR. N lELS A.'CHRISTENEN Ap 28, 1942. NA. 2111rus-nrqslzm man PRESSURE 111111111111111@ coNrRoL 111111151 `r'11ed March 27, 1941 s sheets-sheet z INVENTOR.

u provements in Patented Apr. 28, 1942 y 2,281,138 HIGH PRESSURE REGULATING coN'rRoL` vALvE Niels A. Christensen, smith Euclid, ohio y Application March 27, 194i, Serial No. 385,437 1s claims. (c1. sos-54) This invention relates to new and useful imhigh pressure regulating control valves.

An important object is to provide this valve with a readily accessible adjustable metering arrangement whereby any selected maximum pressure can be accurately obtained from a higher source of pressure with a full stroke of the actuator, without stressing the valve parts. i

Another object is to provide such valve with a pressure responsive part by which the valve becomes automatically lapped.

Another object is to provide an arrangement oi inlet and outlet valves which operate each other and which are arranged with their contact portions opposite and accessible through a port into which a gauge can `be inserted for determination of valve clearance.

Another object is to provide one valve with an adjustment for varying the stroke of the actuator for operating the valve.

A still further object is to provide in the above arrangements,l simple and eilicient packing means to preclude leakage of iluid pressure, and in a modication of the construction, to cause such packing to serve as valve means.

Other objects and advantages will be apparent during the'course `of the following description.

Serial No. 293,548 which furnishes pressure to a fluid pressure actuated device E. This reducer is only employed where the actuated device is of such construction that high pressure furnished thereto would be dangerous or detrimental and is capable of furnishing a reduced "pressure to E while keeping the liquid under low pressure sepav* rate from the liquid under high pressure."

Referring now to the vdetail, of this control valve, the numeral I designates a cylindrical valve casing having an axial inlet port 2, an application port 3 and an exhaust port 4. This casing is adapted to be secured to a suitable support 5 by means of a ange 6. The outer end 'I is enlarged to form a chamber 8 having the port 3 and' which is internally screw threaded to receive a reduced externally threaded end 9 of an In the accompanying drawings forming a part of the application and wherein like numerals are employed to designate like parts throughout the several views:

Fig. l is a diagrammatic view of the control valve in a system of brakes, although it is to be understood that the application is not to be construed as any limitation..

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal bsection of the new control valve. Y Fig. 3 is a transverse section of the same taken lon the line 3-3 of Fig. 2.

Fig.'4 is a longitudinal section of a modied form of control valve, and Fig. 5 is a similar sec tion of a further modification of the form ofinvention shown in Fig. 4.

In some high pressure equipment, such as used in aviation and motor apparatus, where a head or source of pressure is as high as 1200 pounds per square inch for aileron or elevator opera tion, it is necessary at times to `tap olf a lower maximum pressure of say 600 pounds per square inch for the operations of the `brakes or some other mechanism from such high pressure source. It has a high pressure inlet 2, a controllable application` port 3 and an exhaust 4 which returns exhaust fluid to a supply tank A. i

Fluid is pumped from the supply `by a pump B to a reservoir C having a suitable gauge and, if desired, a head of air under pressure. The application port 3 isfconnect'ed to a pressure reducer D such as disclosed in my copending application,

end cap I0 having a threaded bore for a threaded engagement with the external threads of a valve cage II. This cage has its inner end projecting intothe chamber 8 and is provided with an axial opening I2 and avvalve seat I3. The'outer end of the valve cage is formed with a hex head by which it can be turned to axially adjust the cage seat relative to the chamber 8. The intermediate exterior surface is4 not threaded and is smooth to forma seat for an annular elastic packing ring, I5 held against the end cap I0 by a flanged collar I6 terminating in a hex I I threaded on the external threaded end of the valve cage to seal the packing against the cage.'

Within the cage is slidably mounted a hollow inlet valve I8 having a reduced axial conical valve'head I9 to engage the seat I3. This head is provided with a reduced axial metering cone 2.0"to operate in the opening I2 and terminates in an abutment pin 2l adjacent the center of the chamber 8 and opposite the application port 2 therein. vIn'order for fluid to passl through the valve, its end is provided with an axial bore extending into the axial head I9 to terminate in lateral ports 22 therethrough, which open into the interior of the valve cage near the seat I3. The valve is normally pressed against its seat by a coiled spring 23 having its outer end bearing against an externally threaded nipple 24 having the inlet port 2 extending therethrough. Compensation for inaccuracies of manufacture can be -made by adjusting the valve cage relative to the exhaust valve. When valve I8 is open iiuid may pass from port 2 through the valve body and passage I2 into chamber 8 and thence through the application port 8.

The intermediate-portes peine verve casing I, is reduced forthe-slidable Areception therein oi' an elongated hollow piston body 25 having a pair of annular grooves and elastic packing ably mounted in bored and threaded for the reception of a hollow head 26 having "an enlarged piston head 29 operating in 'chamber 3 and having its retractile ing the valve casing cylinder 43. '-Ihe metering stroke limited by engagement with the shoulder 30 formed -by the construction yof the intermediateopart '25. A coiled spring 3| in chamber 3 engages piston head 29 to normally hold it retracted against the shoulder 30. -The end'of the piston head disposed in chamber 6 is provided with lateral ports 32 establishing commu-l nication at all times between the chamber 6 and the interior of the hollow piston 26. Fluid pressure is exhausted from the valve through the bore in piston26 terminating vin a conical seat portion 33 and pilot bearing 34 having a lateral' passage 35. An exhaust valve36 having a conical portion 31 normally urged off of its seat 33 by a coiled spring 33, is slidably mounted in the pistonz on integral pilot pins, one 39 slidably mounted in the end the end of piston cap 23 and extending beyond the same in axial alignment with. the inlet valve pin 2i. The outlet valve 3e is provided with a stop collar di engaged by one end of the spring 38 to normally hold the collar against the piston cap 28 with 34 and another 36 slidapplying movement maximum limit resulting in a predetermined maximum pressure adjustment. This consists of spring 44 is free and without tension in a release position of the device. The piston 45 is provided with a head 46', 'axially on which is mounted a forked jaw 41 to receive the rounded end of an operating lever 48 fulcrumed at 43 on bracket 5. A screw 5|) extends through thel bracket 5 to engage ,the lever 43 for adjustably limiting its retractile movement.- 'Its forward to a variable predetermined' to -be released by the'valve, is provided by an adjustment which is simple and within easy reach of the operator for rapid ton 45 with an axially extending annular extension 5l which lprojects beyond the inner end of the valve 'casing and is provided'with external screw threads 52, upon which is adjustably mounted `anihternally threaded stop collar 53 knurled surface 54, whereby moved longitudinally relahaving an externa it can be turned an tive to the extension 5l to vary its abutting disthe pin 43 projected as shown to engage the pin 2l. These pins may normally abut; each other when the valve is in release position or be slightly spaced apart 4depending upon the time operation desired, and when -so spaced can be readily measured for clearance therebetween by the insertion. of a gauge through application Port 3. since the adjacent ends of the pins are normallydisposed opposite this port. The tolerance allowed can be readily adjusted by loosen-j ing the nut i1 and adjusting the inlet valve cage H andinlet valve i8 axially in or out with re- Spect to the pin .30. The inlet valve spring 23 lis strongerthan' outlet valve spring 38 so that the valves can arrive at a lapped position during application'and when the piston 26 has been forced outwardly to cause tension of spring 23 spring 38 suiliciently to ymove-the outlet valve 31 to its'seat 33. In this position during applithereof.

opening therethrough in i 1 seat in any selected groove to hold the inlet valve i3 closed and to tension cation, the piston 23 will Vbe advanced by loperators pressure with the head 29 spaced from shoulder 30, so that if excess pressure exists in chamber 8 -at any. time, it will force the piston 26 rearwardly to carry seat' 33 away from the outlet'valve 31 to exhaust excess pressure through the exhaust port 4 until the pressure in chamber I3 conforms to the setting of the valve which ,will now be described Spring 23 being stronger than spring 33, causes the exhaust valve 31 to be closed prior to opening of inlet valve I9, after whichthe bottoming of exhaust valve caused by the advance of the' piston 28 and valve seat 33, causes a .positive opening of the inlet valve byltsengagement with pin 40. Any-retractive movement of'piston 28 by pressure in chamber l or partial release of operator pressure. will temporarily :seat inlet valve .I9 and unseat the exhaust valve, permitting slight venting of chamber `3. until the desired pressure in the chamber has been attained.

The inner end of piston 26 is provided with an tance from the end 55 of the valve casing. When the lever @33 is operatedto move the piston inwardly in the casing, its movement is limited by the collar abutting the endl of the casing, thereby placing a limit upon its applying movement irrespective of the amount of ma ualforce exerted upon theoperating lever. In order to very accurately corelate the fluid pressure passedfby the valve with the extent of lever movement, the'extension 5I is provided with a 'series of grooves 56 equi-distantly -spaced about its circumferencel and extending the fulllength provided with a radial The collar 53 is which a detent ball 51 is positioned and is pressed radially inward to 56 lengthwise of the extension by av snap .ring 58 positioned in a cirycumferentlal groove 59 in thev collar with one end` 50 thereof [fused to the ball detent 51 to resiliently press it inwardly into the selected groove. y

The collar is provided with a sleeve-like exten'- sion 6l which -has slight clearance and moves freely over the outside of the valve casing in all positions of vadjustment to act as a dust cap preventing the entrance of foreign matter. In fact this collar unit may be termed a micrometer `sleeve adjustment of the '..metering'spring 44 to the maximum allowable brake pressure in the application port 3 yinde-- increase or decrease pendently of the high pressure supplied toinlet metering spring length for each port 2. For example. if the extension 5| has 13 threads per inch, one turn o1'. collar 53 would provide 1/ni of an inch travel or .0555 of an inch, which Vdivided bythe number of grooves 56 (8 'in number) around the circumference of the `'extension, would provide a difference of .007V in 1A; turnof the collar, or a vdiilerence of about ten pounds per square inch in the brake line pressure. I

The operation of the valve is as follows: After the pressure adjustment has been made Aand the operating lever 43 is actuated to move the piston 26 to the left, the exhaust valve pin 46 first contacts the inletnvalve pin 2l. Since the spring 23 of the inlet valve is stronger than spring enlarged spring centering cup 4 2v operating in `the enlarged inner end 43 of the valve casingv which is provided withl the flange t for mount- Operator's pressure is exercised upon the piston 26v through-a metering spring Y44 engaging the cup 42 and a'piston 45having a packing 43 as in my Patent No. 2,130,795 slidably engag- 33 of the exhaust valve, the latter will-l be com` pressed to permit the exhaust valve31 to move `to its seat 33 to close. Slight further movement of the operating lever ,will vcause slight compression of the metering spring 44 until it overpowers inlet valve spring 23 vto cause opening of the inlet valve I9 to admit high pressure tothe chamber I providing the pisand application port 3. When pressure against the piston 26 is sumcient to overcome the exertion f the metering spring 44 in the then position of operating lever, theinlet valve I8 will automatically close. When this pressure and the opposite exertion of the metering spring are balanced. both the inlet and exhaust valves are closed. The slightest movement of the operating lever either way will either open the inlet valve to `admit more pressure, or moving in the opposite directions will open exhaust valve and close the inlet valve to let some pressure out. In either case, a new balance of pressure will be set up instantly to close or lap both valves. Consequently, modulations for increase or decrease of application pressures are under direct and positive `control of the operator with the least possible amount of pedal pressure. Whenever the operating lever 48`is moved to admit the maximum '1 operating pressure for which collar 53, the latter will abut the end 55of the the valve is set by valve casing and stop any further applying movement of the lever. Upon release or full retraction of this lever, the inlet valve will close and the exhaust will open to permit pressure in chamber 8to be exhausted through ports 32, hollow piston 28, valve seat 33, port 35, through the piston 42 it is desired to adjust the clearance between the pins 2| and 40 of thevalves; the end cap i1 is loosened to free the inlet valve cage H so that it may be turned in or out to adjust its seat i3- and inlet valve i9 relative to the release position of pin 48. The distance between these pins or valves can be observed or measured with a :z

suitable gauge inserted through the application port 3.

In Figs. 4 and 5, modifications of the valve are illustrated and parts thereof corresponding to Fig. 2 are designated by the samereference numerals. The difference between theseA forms is in the exhaust valve making it possible to. -make the assembly more compact and with less parts,

particularly the form shown in Fig. 4. In both ber 13 communicating therewith. The end 12 is provided with axially extending spaced legs 14 engaging the shoulder 38 to" space this end from the shoulder and provide anannular slit-type exhaust port 15 communicating with chamber 13.

This port is controlled by an elastic packing ring 16 such as is disclosed in my Patent No. 2,115,383

and is positioned in a groove in the piston i8 adjacent its forward end. Secured tothis endv ofthe piston by a screw is an enlarged perforated head 11 whichwhen engagedv with the shoulder 38, limits .the-retractile movement of the piston 1|, and disposes the ring or valve 16 beyond the port 15 to permit `exlfiauat of chamber 8 through the exhaust slit 15 and port 4.

` I'he rearend of the piston 18 is provided with an enlarged head 1.8 which engages the metering spring 44. A return spring 1i4r is positioned between th'e head and a shoulder of the valve casing for returning the piston 10 to normal release position and for causing the valve ring 16 to and thence out through exhaust port 4. In case uncover the exhaust port 15. By adjusting the liner lengthwise in the valve casing, the size of the exhaust port or slit 15 can be varied.

Fig. 5 is the same construction as Fig. 4, except for the valve packing of piston 10, and corresponding parts are designated with corresponding numerals. Instead of using a composition packing ring for the valve 16 of piston 18, I provide a' metallic ring 8|] such as is shown in my United States Patent No. 1,727,366. To removably connect this ring with the piston, the forward end of the latter is reduced as at 8| and is internally threaded to receive the screw 82 for i one end of a split metallic ring84 held inthe annular groove denedbetween the flange and the larger portion of piston 10. This ring has an annular exterior groove in which is wound the convolutions of a coiled wire spring 85 which presses outwardly upon a bronze cup-shaped sleeve 86 to force its entire circumference into sealing engagement with the liner 1. To the rear of this metallic cup packing is a safety seal ring 81, similar to the ring 16,` and especially eilective in forming a seal when liquid under pressure is controlled by the valve. It will of course be understood that the cup 86 acts in the same manneras valve ring 16 in opening and closing the exhaust port 15. f

Various changes in thelsize, shape and arrangement of parts may be resorted to without departing from the scope of the appended claims.

I claim: i I

l. A pressure regulating andY control valve comprising a casing having an abutment thereon and inter-dependent inlet and outlet valves therein, a metering springin the casing through which saidvalve's are operated, an operator operated plungerl in said casing for said spring hav- I' ing an externally threaded axial extension proiecting beyond the end of the casing, said extension having a plurality of circumferentially spaced longitudinally extending grooves, a pressure regulating collar threaded upon said extension of adjustability relative to said abutment, and a detent on said collar engageable withany one of said grooves to releasably retain'said co1- lar in adjusted positions.

2. A pressure regulating and control valve com- 1 prising a casing having an abutment thereon i and inter-dependent inlet and outlet valves therein, a metering spring in the casing through which said valves are Operated, an operator operated plunger in said casing for said spring hav- -ing an' externally threaded axial 'extension projecting beyond -the end of the casing, said extension having a plurality of 'circumferentially spaced longitudinally extending grooves, a pressure regulating collar threaded upon said extension for adjustability relative to said abutment, and a detent on said collar engageable with any one of said grooves to.releasably retain said collar in adjusted positions, and a sleeve'integral with said collar extendingover the end of said casing in all adjusted positions-of the collar.

3. A pressure control valve comprising a casing having an application chamber and an application port, a spring pressed inlet valve mounted axially of said casing and projecting into said application chamber thereof, an exhaust valve mounted for reciprocationv in said casing and projecting into said application chamber to be normally spaced from said inlet valve at a point opposite said application port to open said inlet A plication port,

valve after closing of the exhaust valve, and op-` erator' operated means for operating said ex- 'haust valve.

4. A pressure `control valve comprising a casing havingan application chamber and an apa valve cage adjustable longitudinally of the casing and having an axial external part by which vift-can be adjusted, said cage'hav" ingfa valveseat .disposed in said chamber opposite said application port, a spring pressed inlet valve mounted in said `cage and normally engaging said seat, said valve having a stem extending axially into 'said chamber opposite said application port, an exhaust valve mounted for reciprocation in said casing and projecting into said application chamber to be normally spaced from exhaust valve after closing, adaptedto open said inlet i valve, and operator` operated metering spring'means for operating said exhaust valve.

5. A pressure control valve comprising a casing having an exhaust chamber havingv an annular shoulder at one end thereof, a liner mounted in said casing having a reduced end with portions spaced from said shoulder to define lateral passages, a pressure responsive spring urged piston mounted in said liner and annulark shoulder, and

movable over said lateral passages, and means on said piston engaging said shoulder to limit retractile movement ofthe piston.

6. A regulating pressure control valve for diminution oi pressure per'. square inch. from a,

source ofhigh to lower pressures determinable by theoperator of the valve by a pre-setting of the valve to limit its opening movement and com- `prising a valver casing having inletand exhaust valves to operateone another, a metering spring i for Yapplying application force to said exhaust valve, a plunger engaging said metering spring for applying tension thereto, and a sleeve adjustan independently axially movable outlet valve `said inlet valve different distances depending i upon the adjustment ofthe inlet valye, and said ably mounted upon the exterior of the piston and overlapping the valve casing to abut the same whereby only apredetermined movement of the plunger can take place to determine the maximum pressure which can be releasedfrom they valve upon-full operation thereof.

'7. A pressure regulating control valve coml prising a casing with `inter-dependent inlet and outlet valves therein and one end of the casing having `an.abutment, a metering spring insaid casing through which the valves are operated, an operator operated plunger having apacking slidably engaged with the casing to seal the same against leakage, said plunger having an axial extension projecting beyond the end of said casing and provided with a plurality of grooves, a pressure regulating collar mounted upon said extenj "said piston and valves.,

13. A control valve comprising a casing having sion for adjustment relative thereto, and a detent onv said collar engageable with any one of said .grooves to releasably retain said, co1la ,r various 'distances from :the lend of the casingl forming said abutment. 8. A control valve comprising acasing having an application chamber, a tubular valve cage vad..

justable longitudinally ofthe casing and having an inlet valve seat axially of the casing', a hollow cylindricalv inlet valve mounted for movement A longitudinally in said cage and having a valve head normally urged upon said seat, and an operator operated vpressure responsive piston mounted in said casing4 and adapted to engage f and operate said' inlet valve Yhead.

9. A. controlvalve comprising a casing having an application chamber, an inlet valve seat, an

, inlet valve mounted for movement longitudinally in said casing and having avalve head nor- 4 l mounted in said pistonwith one end normally urged away from said piston seat and its other end projecting axially beyond the piston for engagement with said inlet valve when said piston is projected to close said outlet valve and to open said inlet valve, a.. metering spring in said casing engaging said piston, and anoperating plunger engaging said metering spring to move the same to operatevsaid piston and valves. I

10. A control valve comprising a' casing having an application chamber, a tubular. valve cage adjustable longitudinally of the casing and having an inlet valve seat. axially of the casing, ahollow cylindrical inlet valve Vmounted for movement longitudinally in said cage and -having a valve head normally urged upon said seat, a pressure responsive piston adapted to operate said inlet 'valve and having a packing slidably engaging ing having van annular shoulder at one end thereof, a liner. mounted vin said casing and having one end reduced and spaced from said shoulder and casing to dene an exhaust chamber and a lateral passage communicating the bore in said liner with said exhaust chamber, and a pressure responsive spring urged piston reciprocable in the bore of said liner for opening` and closing said lateral passage. 12. A control valve comprising a casing having an application chamber, an inlet valve having van end/projecting therein, a, hollow uid pressure responsive piston reciprocably mounted in said casing and having an axial valve seat at its rear yend,

the forward end o f said piston projecting into" said chamber and having a flange for'limiting its retractile movement, a spring in said chamber I normally holding said piston retracted, an independent axially movable outlet valve mounted in said piston, a spring in said piston for normally urging said outlet valve away from said piston seat, a metering spring in said casing engaging said piston, and an operating plunger engaging said metering spring to move the same to operate an inlet valve therein, a fluid pressure responsive piston movable .longitudinally in"I said Vcasing to operate said 'inletvalva an unstressed compresson'spring in said casing having one end abutting said piston, an operating plunger abutting the other end of the spring,l an actuator engaging said plunger to move the same and said spring and in turn tomove said piston and inlet valve, l

said spring being compressed upon fluid' pressure' responsivemovement of said piston, and a varia'- ble stop adapted to engage said actuator to limit,

retractile movement .to a. point where the spring is unstressed and the desired spacing` between the piston and inlet valve is achieved.

mans A. HmsrENsEN. 

